Bethlehem in Judæa

• General:
  • Wikipedia entry
  • 1912 Catholic Encyclopedia: (Read with caution)
  • Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium, p. 286

  • Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Bethlehem -- the City. With sub-pages about the Churches of the Nativity and of St. Catherine. --- IMF
  • History of Bethlehem Families. A list of traditional Bethlehem families by clan. --- Bethlehem Chronicle

  • Church of the Nativity:
    • Wikipedia entry
    • Homepage of [the Roman Catholic part of] the Nativity Church, Bethlehem --- Nativity-Church
    • G. S. P. Freeman-Grenville: The Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem. Well-illustrated article from the Palestine Exploration Fund. --- PEF

    • St. Sophronius of Jerusalem: Anacreontica, 19:25-56. Poem describing the Holy Nativity Church.
      • Bethlehem. Translator not indicated. --- Christus Rex
      • Die anakreontischen Gedichte Nr. 19 und Nr. 20. Greek with German translation by H. Donner, (Heidelberg: Winter, 1981).

    • Pagan occupation of site: St. Jerome, Ep. 58, iii;

  • Church of St. Catherine: St. Catherine of Alexandria of course had two famous visions of the infant Jesus; some versions of her life say they took place during a visit to Bethlehem, and the church is said to mark the site. It is probably also the location of St. Paula's IV Century monastic community. Because of the connexion to St. Catherine, pilgrims to Bethlehem in the Middle Ages could obtain badges depicting half of a Catherine wheel (the full wheel badge being reserved for pilgrims to Sinai.) The site has been controlled by Franciscans since the 1300s; in late mediæval and Renaissance times aristocratic pilgrims could apparently be knighted into the mysterious Order of St. Catherine (a Western group with ties to Orthodoxy and Mt. Sinai) by the friars living here. The relics of St. Jerome and his companions are probably somewhere in the caves under the church.
    • Home Page of St. Catherine [Roman Catholic] Parish: --- St. Catherine Parish

  • The Shepherds' Fields (Beti Sahour):
    • Shepherds' Fields, near Bethlehem: --- Sacred Destinations

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