The Fourth Ecumenical Council, Chalcedon, 451

• FOURTH ECUMENICAL COUNCIL, Chalcedon, 451: Declared Christ to have two natures, contrary to Eutyches. This Council is rejected by the Non-Chalcedonian Orthodox, who however also oppose Eutychian Monophysitism. [READ WITH CAUTION: The Latin text of Council documents differs from the Greek, and Western translators often favour the Western version. The electronic editions do not always indicate which version is being followed; the versions at New Advent are based on the Latin text, which emphasizes papal authority.]
  • Tomos of Leo: Letter defending the doctrine of Christ's two natures: Post-Nicene Fathers Translation (NA); Latin: Tanner Translation (St Michael's Depot)
  • Definition: Schaff-Wace translation (CCEL); Latin: Tanner translation (St. Michael's Depot )
  • Canons: Schaff-Wace translation, (CCEL); Latin: Tanner translation, (St. Michael's Depot)

• SOME PARTICIPANTS:
  • St. Juvenal of Jerusalem: After repenting of his support for Eutyches at the Robber Synod, persuaded the Council to elevate Jerusalem to a Patriarchate.

• AFTERMATH:
  • Brian Croke: The Legacy of Chalcedon, (2005). From The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Justinian edited by M. Maas, (Cambridge University Press, 2005): 215.